Zero-commission trading has transformed European retail investing. A decade ago, you'd pay €10–€20 per trade. Today, several regulated brokers charge €0 commission on stocks and ETFs. But 'free' always has a catch — here's what you're really paying and which zero-commission broker is best for your needs.
What zero commission actually means
Zero commission means no per-trade fee when you buy or sell stocks or ETFs. It doesn't mean the broker makes no money. Revenue comes from: FX conversion fees (buying USD-priced stocks in a EUR account often costs 0.15%–1.5% conversion fee), spread on CFD products, premium subscription tiers, interest on uninvested client cash, payment for order flow (PFOF — selling your order data to market makers, though this is being phased out in the EU).
For buy-and-hold investors buying European or EUR-denominated stocks, zero commission is genuinely close to free. For investors buying US stocks frequently, the FX conversion fee can exceed what a traditional broker would charge in commission.
Best zero-commission brokers in Europe
XTB: Zero commission on real stocks and ETFs up to €100,000/month (0.2% after that). FX conversion fee: 0.5%. ESMA/KNF regulated. Excellent educational content and platform. Best overall choice.
Trade Republic: Zero commission. €1 flat fee per trade (not truly zero but nearly so). Excellent mobile app. Strong for savings plans.
Scalable Capital: Zero commission on ETF savings plans. €0.99 per trade on free plan, or unlimited for €4.99/month Prime subscription. FCA and BaFin regulated.
eToro: Zero commission on stocks (CFD restrictions apply in some countries). FX conversion fee 1.5% on non-USD deposits. Best for copy trading beginners.
DEGIRO: Not zero commission, but close — €1 + 0.03% per trade with a €10 cap. Access to 50+ exchanges. Best for active traders across multiple markets.
Hidden costs to watch for
Currency conversion fee: The most significant hidden cost. If you buy a US stock on a EUR account, you pay the FX fee twice — once when buying, once when selling. At 0.5%, a round-trip costs 1% in FX fees alone. Inactivity fees: Some brokers charge monthly fees if you don't trade. Withdrawal fees: Some charge for bank transfers. CFD spreads: Zero commission brokers often profit on CFDs through wider spreads. Premium tiers: Some features require paid subscriptions.